Network and Data Communications · Unit 8
Transport and Application Layer Protocols
Exam-focused notes for Transport and Application Layer Protocols (Network and Data Communications, BIT254): what the TU syllabus asks and how it has actually been tested, with 6 solved past questions from this unit.
What this unit covers
- TCP protocol characteristics
- UDP user datagram format
- UDP ports
- TCP vs UDP differences
- TCP reliability mechanisms
- Sliding Window Protocol
- FTP protocol and operation
- HTTP protocol
- SNMP protocol and operation
TCP reliability mechanisms
Why TCP is known as reliable protocol? Explain.Divide the network 192.168.1.0/24 into 8 subnets and find its subnet ID, subnet mask, broadcast address and network ranges of each.[2+8]
- Network: 192.168.1.0/24 - Original subnet mask: 255.255.255.0 - Required number of subnets: 8 --- (a) Why TCP is a Reliable Protocol? TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is called reliable because it guarantees accurate, ordered, and complete delivery of ...
Full solved answer →Sliding Window Protocol
Write Short notes on: Sliding Window Protocol HTTP Protocol [0+2.5+2.5]
The Sliding Window Protocol is a flow control and error control mechanism used in data link layer and transport layer protocols to allow efficient transmission of multiple frames before requiring acknowledgment. - Instead of sending one frame and waiting fo...
Full solved answer →TCP vs UDP differences
Write down the major difference between TCP and UDP protocol. [5]
--- Feature TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) UDP (User Datagram Protocol) --------- Connection Type Connection-oriented (establishes connection via 3-way handshake before data transfer) Connectionless (sends data without establishing a connection) Reliab...
Full solved answer →FTP protocol and operation
What is FTP and how does it work? [5]
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is a standard application layer protocol used for transferring files between a client and a server over a TCP/IP network. It is defined in RFC 959 and operates at the Application Layer of the TCP/IP model. --- - Uses TCP as the ...
Full solved answer →SNMP protocol and operation
What is SNMP and how does it work? [5]
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) is an application layer protocol used for managing and monitoring network devices (routers, switches, servers, printers, etc.) across an IP network. It is part of the TCP/IP protocol suite and operates over UDP (por...
Full solved answer →UDP user datagram format
Describe user datagram format. List at least four ports used with UDP [5]
UDP provides a connectionless, unreliable transport service. Each UDP packet is called a user datagram. The format is simple and has a fixed 8-byte header followed by data. Field Size Description -------------------------- Source Port 16 bits Port number of...
Full solved answer →Make Unit 8 stick
Practice BIT254 with flashcards & quizzes