CSC266 · TU past paper
Artificial Intelligence 2076 question paper
The complete TU 2076 exam paper for Artificial Intelligence (CSC266), all 12 questions with solved model answers written to the mark scheme.
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- 110 marksInformed SearchHideAnswer
Construct a state space with appropriate heuristics and local costs. Show that Greedy Best First search is not complete for the state space. Also illustrate A* is complete and guarantees solution for the same state space.[10]
Below is a carefully designed state space that demonstrates the incompleteness of Greedy Best First Search while showing A remains complete and optimal. More precisely, define the following state space: Node h(n) ------------ S 6 A 1 B 2...
- 210 marksPredicate LogicHideAnswer
How resolution algorithm is used in FOPL to infer conclusion? Consider the facts; Anyone whom Pugu loves is a star. Any hero who does not rehearse does not act. Anmol is a hero. Any hero who does not work does not rehearse. Anyone who does not act is not a star. Convert above into FOPL and use resolution to infer that “If Anmol does not work, then Pugu does not love Anmol”.[10]
Resolution is a refutation-based inference method used in First Order Predicate Logic (FOPL). The steps are: 1. Convert all facts (Knowledge Base) into Conjunctive Normal Form (CNF) 2. Negate the conclusion to be proved 3. Repeatedly app...
- 310 marksLearning with Neural NetworksHideAnswer
Define mathematical model of artificial neural network. Discuss how Hebbian learning algorithm can be used to train a neural network. Support your answer with an example.[10]
An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is inspired by the biological neural network of the human brain. The mathematical model of a single artificial neuron (also called a McCulloch-Pitts neuron, first proposed in 1943) consists of the follo...
- 45 marksAI PerspectivesHideAnswer
What is AI? How can you define AI from the perspective of thought process? [5]
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a branch of computer science that deals with the simulation of intelligent behavior in computers. It is the science and engineering of making intelligent machines, especially intelligent computer programs,...
- 55 marksEnvironment TypesHideAnswer
Discuss the types of environment where an agent can work on. [5]
In Artificial Intelligence, the environment is the external context in which an agent operates. Different agents work in different types of environments. The properties of the environment directly affect the design of the agent. The main...
- 65 marksUninformed SearchHideAnswer
Illustrate with an example, how uniform cost search algorithm can be used for finding goal in a state space. [5]
Uniform Cost Search (UCS) is an uninformed search algorithm that always expands the node with the lowest path cost from the initial state. Unlike BFS which expands nodes level by level, UCS expands nodes in order of their cumulative path...
- 75 marksTypes of Knowledge Representation SystemsHideAnswer
Define frame. How knowledge is encoded in a frame? Justify with an example. [5]
A frame is a data structure used to represent stereotyped situations or objects in Artificial Intelligence. It is a collection of slots (attributes) and slot values (fillers) that together describe an entity, concept, or situation. Frame...
- 85 marksFuzzy LogicHideAnswer
What do you mean by membership of an element in a fuzzy set? Given a domain of discourse X={10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70}, construct a fuzzy set from X. Use your own assumptions for defining membership. [5]
The membership of an element in a fuzzy set refers to the degree to which an element belongs to a fuzzy set. Unlike classical (crisp) sets where membership is either 0 or 1, in a fuzzy set, each element is assigned a grade of membership ...
- 95 marksLearning by Genetic AlgorithmHideAnswer
Write an algorithm for learning by Genetic Approach. [5]
Genetic Algorithms (GAs) are adaptive heuristic search algorithms that belong to the larger part of evolutionary algorithms. They are based on the idea of natural selection and genetics. Historical data are provided to find better soluti...
- 105 marksNumericalHandling Uncertain Knowledge, Radom VariabHideAnswer
How uncertain knowledge is represented? Given following full joint probability distribution representing probabilities of having different sizes of CD, find the probability that a CD cover has a length of 130mm given the width is 15mm.
$$\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|c|}\hline \text{y=Width} & \text{x=Length} & 129 & 130 & 131 \ \hline 15 & & 0.12 & 0.42 & 0.06 \ 16 & & 0.08 & 0.28 & 0.04 \ \hline \end{array}$$
[5]
Full joint probability distribution: y = Width x = 129 x = 130 x = 131 -------------------------------------- 15 0.12 0.42 0.06 16 0.08 0.28 0.04 Check total: $0.12+0.42+0.06+0.08+0.28+0.04 = 1.00$ ✓ Required:
- 115 marksMachine Vision ConceptsHideAnswer
How the concept of machine vision are used in Robotics to configure sensors of Robots? [5]
Machine vision is a branch of Artificial Intelligence that enables robots to interpret and understand visual information from their surroundings. It plays a central role in configuring and enhancing the sensory capabilities of robots, al...
- 125 marksNatural Language ProcessingHideAnswer
How syntactic and semantic analysis is done during natural language processing? Explain with example. [5]
Natural Language Processing (NLP) requires multiple levels of analysis to convert human language into machine-understandable representations. Among these, syntactic analysis and semantic analysis are two critical stages in Natural Langua...