Cryptography2081Numerical: IDEA algorithm roundInternational Data Encryption Standard
Tracing the First Full Round of IDEA Algorithm IDEA (International Data Encryption Algorithm) is a symmetric block cipher that operates on 64-bit plaintext blocks using a 128-bit key, performing 8 identical rounds with operations: multiplication modulo 216+1, addition modulo 216, and XOR.
Tracing the First Full Round of IDEA Algorithm
IDEA (International Data Encryption Algorithm) is a symmetric block cipher that operates on 64-bit plaintext blocks using a 128-bit key, performing 8 identical rounds with operations: multiplication modulo $2^{16}+1$, addition modulo $2^{16}$, and XOR.
Subkeys (4-bit each): - $K1 = 1100 = 12$ - $K2 = 1010 = 10$ - $K3 = 0000 = 0$ - $K4 = 1111 = 15$ - $K5 = 0101 = 5$ - $K6 = 1001 = 9$ Input plaintext blocks (4-bit each): - $X1 = 1011 = 11$ - $X2 = 1110 = 14$ - $X3 = 1011 = 11$ - $X4 = 1000 = 8$ Scaled operations (n = 4): - Multiplication $\odot$ ...