Discuss the micro operations in computer architecture?

A micro operation is a simple operation done on data in registers during one clock pulse. Instructions are carried out as a series of micro operations. There are four types.

• Register transfer: copy data from one register to another, for example $R1 \leftarrow R2$.
• Arithmetic: add, subtract, increment or decrement, for example $R3 \leftarrow R1 + R2$.
• Logic: bit-wise AND, OR, XOR and complement.
• Shift: move bits left or right in a register.